Oil burner



May 17, 1938. l.. L. scoTT OIL BURNER Filed March 28, 1935rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr 4r l my,

ATTORNEY y May 17, 1938. L. L. SCOTT l 2,117,3@312 on. BURNER 4 FiledMarch 28, 1955 4 sheets-sheet 2 zi, /O

ATTORNEY OILBURNER May 17 1938.

Filed March 28, 1935 4 Sheets- Sheet 5 c fla. lo;

ATTORNEY L. L. SCOTT OIL BURNER May 17, 1938.

4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed March 28, 1955 ATTORNEY Patented May 17, 193sUNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 12 Claims.

This invention relates tio oil burners particularly adapted to theheatingv of homes where said oil burner is installed in a heating plant.y One of the objects of my invention is to make a simple and improvedoil burner that can burn the heavier grades of oil reliably withoutpre-heating.

Another object of my invention is to provide a means of accuratelymeasuring the oil delivered to the spray nozzle by use of a pump wherebysaid pump can be manuallyV adjusted for various deliveries withoutchanging the stroke or di-r ameter of the pump, and without resorting tothe well known type of bypass valves.

Another object of my invention is to arrange the oil pump so that verysmall oil rates can be had, such as one-half gallon per hour, deliveredthrough `the spray nozzle, and to arrange said pump so that oil can belifted from an underground tank even when the pump is delivering oil atthe rate of one-half gallon to the spray nozzle.

My method of atomizing the oil consists of the use of a low pressure aircompressor delivering air at the nozzle `at between one and two poundspressure, whereby said air is caused toswirl and mix with the oil, andsaid mixture delivered to the orifice of the spray nozzle in a iinelyatomized state. f Y

Another object of f my invention is to provide a separate tube runningdirectly from the oil pump to the interior of the spray nozzle so thatthe main volume of oil delivered to the spray nozzle is carried througha separate oil tube.

Another object of my invention is to provide a small bypass leak fromthe delivery side of the oil pump so as to lubricatethe air compressorand its bearings. i

Various other. objects and advantages will be apparent from thefollowing description of the embodiment of my invention and the novelfeatures will be particularly pointed out hereinafter in connection withthe appended claims. l

The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention. Figure 1 represents aplan view of my complete oil burnerY showing the electric wires runningto the motor andother accessories.

Figure 2 shows an enlarged sectional view of my spray nozzle togetherwith the pipes for conducting the voil and air to said nozzle.

Figure 3 is a side elevation of the interior core of my spray nozzle.

Figure 4 is a. front end view of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is an enlarged cross sectional view of my oil pump. 1

Figure 6 is an end view of my oil pump with the end plate and rotatingeccentric removed, showing some of the interior parts oi.' the pump.

, Figure 'I is an end fragmentary view of the end plate of the pumpshowing the means for adjusting the capacity or volume' of said pump.

, 5 Figure 8 is an end view of the end plate of the pump, together withthe rotating eccentric mounted on said end plate, said view being shownlooking at the inside of the end plate.

Referring now to the drawings, the numeral I indicates an electric motorwhich operates an air blower 2. On the 'shaft of the motor is a ilexiblecoupling 3 which drives the rotor shaft 4 of the air compressor 5. Theair compressor 5 can be of any well known rotary' type and forms no partspecifically of this invention. 'I'he end of the shaft J4 is providedwith a screw driver extension 6 which ts into a slot in the shaft ofthefoil pump rotor l. Said rotor 'I is nicely seated on the interiorface 8 of the oil pump body 9 so as to Jform a perfect Joint. The endplate casting I0.

is secured to the pump housing 9 by screws II and is provided with agasket I2 to eiect a tight joint between the pump body and said endplat'e. End plate Il has aprojecting hub I3, which hub has an interiorhole I4 formed concentric with the drive shaft 4. The outside of the hubI3 is machincd eccentric to the hole I4. On the exterior of the hub I3ismounted a rotating member I5` which carries a crank pin IS and acounter balance weight II arrangedopposite the crank pin I6. 0n the endof the crank pin I6 is mounted the pump plunger I8, adapted toreciprocate in the nicely fitted bore in the pump rotor l. Near theend'of the bore in the pump rotor 'I in which the piston I8 reciprocatesis a small hole Il?,

which is drilled through the pump rotor 1 at right angles "to thecylindrical bore carrying the piston I8. On thelower side of the pumprotor 1 isl mounted a normally stationary plate` 20, which plate iscentered by the extension 20a on pump rotor l. The plate 20 isaccurately ground to the lower surface of the pump rotor 1, and saidplatel is provided with a slot 2I (see Figures 5 and 6), also an oilgroove 22 for carrying oil to the surfaces between the lower side of therotor l -and the upper side of the plate 2li. The plate 20 is providedwith an extending hub 23 in which is formed a slot 24, said slot beingengaged by a screw driver extension formed on the shaft 25. A

said spring 26 presses the plate 20 firmly against 55 the lower side ofthe rotor 1. 'I'he numeral 28 indicates packing mounted around the shaftv25 between the shoulder 21 and the interior of the head I0. 'Ihenumeral 29 indicates a fuel adjusting plate (see Figures 5 and 7), whichplate is provided with an elongated slot 30 through which the screw 3iprojects, which screw is threaded into the head I8. The fuel adjustingplate 28 is provided with a hole 32 at its center, which hole is flat onone side so as to fit on the corresponding at side on the shaft 25. Theshaft 25 is provided with a screw driver slot 33 so that by looseningthe screw 3l shaft 25 may be partially rotated for the purpose ofadjusting the quantity of fuel delivered to the spray nozzle, thedetails of which will be later described. The pump housing 9 is providedon the face 8 with an intake port 35 (see Figure 6), which communicateswith the suction connection 35 (formed in`the pump body 9), through hole36. '.I'he numeral 31 (see Figure 6) indicates a discharge port formedin the face of the pump body 9. Said port corn-A the purpose of saidport being to prevent forming high pressure between the member 2li andthe pump rotor 1 during a certain portion of the discharge period of thepump. The relief port t2 is to prevent hammering action of the member 2@during a part of the pressure stroke. The discharge recess 31 cannot bemade much longer than that shown on the drawings, Fig. 6, withoutlengthening the cut-out portion 2i on the member 20 and if this cut-outportion were lengthened it would overlap the suction port 312i when thepart 28 is adjusted for maximum gallonage to be delivered to the burnernozzle. Unless, therefore, such a relief measure as the port d2 isprovided a decided hammering action will result since there would be noexit for the dischargeof oil during a portion of the pressure stroke.

When the shaft 4 is revolved by the motor Il, the air compressor 5delivers air through the tube 43 to the T M, and said air is deliveredin the space between the oil tube 38 and the air tube d5 to the spiralslots 46 (see Figures 3 and 4) to the interior whirling chamber of thenozzle tip d1,

where said air rapidly swirls in the whirling chamber and mixes with oildelivered from the pump through the tube 38 and through holes 48, whichholes communicate with the air slots I5 formed in the core 49 in thespray nozzle whereby a finely atomized spray of oil and air will bedelivered through the orice 50 of said spray nozzle. The shaft l willrotate the pump rotor 1 and will also rotate the rotating member I5, andbecause the axis of said member is not concentric with the shaft I, asbefore described, the piston I8 will reciprocate in the bore providedfor it in the pump rotor 1. During the suction stroke of the pump, thehole I9 in pumprotor 1 will be in communication with the intake port 3l,and oil will be sucked from the oil tank (not shown) into the spacebetween the piston I8 and the bottom of the bore in which said pistonfits in the pump rotor 1.

As the shaft I continues to rotate,.the pump plunger I8 will move intothe bore in which it ilts in the pump rotor 1 and the hole I9 willcommunicate with the discharge port 31 so that oil will be delivered tothe fuel pipe 38 as before de' scribed. The location of the slot in theplate 20 will determine the volume of oil that will be delivered to thefuel pipe 38 and the remaining -Volume of oil that will be delivered tothe interior chamberof the pump housing 9 and back to the fuel tankthrough connection 5 I In the position shown in Figure 6, the hole I9 inthe pump rotor 'i is just about to communicate with discharge port 31and the plate 20 is in a position to deliver the minimum quantity of oilto fuel pipe 38. It will be seen that rotating the plate 20, with theadjacent plate 29 counterclockwise (see Figure 7) a'greater quantity offuel will be delivered to the fuel pipe 38 anda smaller quantity will bevdelivered to the'interior chamber of the pump housing 9. delivery ofoil between the minimum and maximum capacity that is desired withoutchanging the stroke of the pump or the diameter of the pump piston, andwithout in any way reducing the ability of the pump to lift oil from anunderground tank.

Electric current from the power wires. 52 is supplied to the motor I andthe primary side of the ignition transformer 53. The numeral 54indicates the high tension terminals of the said transformer 53 whichlead to the ignition points 55, which points are located adjacent to thespray nozzle 611 for igniting the fuel. Secondary air from the blower 2is conducted through the housing 55 to the air blast tube 51 where it isdelivered and mixed with the atomized fuel spray from the By thisarrangement I can get any magnetic valve located in the suction of theoil line and which is connected to the power wires 52 by wires 59. 'Ihevalve 58 is adapted to open and permit oil to flow to the oil pump vwhenthe current is turned on to the motor, and said valve closes whencurrent is turned oi.

The numeral @Il indicates a packing gland fitting around the fuel tube38 which is adapted to screw into the T LIQ and press the packing 6iaround the fuel tube 38 to prevent an air leak from air pipe t3.

I provide a small groove 52 (see Figure 5) which groove permits a smallportion of oil to be delivered from the delivery port 31 up around theshaft l and into the interior of the air compressor, lubricating same.The quantity of oil that goes into the air compressor in this way isrelatively small and is finely atomized and passes tube, such as 38; tothe tip of the nozzle I avoid uiI backs which are quite common where theo and air are mixed together either in or near the air compressor, andthe mixture of air and oil conducted to the nozzle.

I claimt- 1. An oil pump having a cylinder adapted to be rotated, apiston adapted to rotate with said cylinder and to reciprocate therein,means for causing the piston to reciprocate in said cylinder, a pumphousing containing said parts having an inner wall to which the innerface of the pump cylinder is seated, an intake port and a discharge portin said wall, said ports being alternately connected to the spacebetween the end of the piston and the end of the cylinder in which thepiston reciprocates when said cylinder is revolving, means to deliveroil to the discharge port during only a part of its delivery stroke andto by-pass the oil during the remaining period 'of said delivery stroke,and a relief port adjacent the discharge port and communicating with theinterior of the pump housing arranged and adapted to prevent excessivepressure in the pump cylinder during a portion of the delivery stroke.

2. In an oil burner, an oil pump having a cylinder adapted to berotated, a piston adapted to rotate with said cylinder and toreciprocate therein, means for causing the piston to reciprocate in saidcylinder, a pump housing containing said parts having an inner wall towhich the lnner face of the pump cylinder is seated, an intake port anda discharge port in said wall, said ports being alternately connected tothe space between the end of the piston and the end of the cylinder inwhich the piston reciprocates when said cylinder is revolving, anadjustable by-pass plate seated against the outer face of the pumpcylinder, said by-pass plate having a small opening which communicateswith the space between the end of the piston and the end of the cylinderin which said piston reciprocates, during a portion of the dischargestroke, a spring arranged to press the by-pass plate against the outerface of the `pump cylinder, a shaft projecting through the pump housingadapted to engage the bypass plate so that said by-pass plate may bemanually adjusted so as to change the ratio of the oil delivered to theburner as to the oil by-passed.

3. In an oil burner, an oil pump having a cylinder adapted to berotated, a piston adapted to rotate with said cylinder and toreciprocate thereinmeans for causing the piston to reciprocate in saidcylinder, a pump housing containing said parts having an inner wall towhich the inner face of the pump cylinder is seated, an intake port anda discharge port in said wall, said ports being alternately connected tothe space between the end of the piston and the end of the cylinder inwhich the piston reciprocates when said cylinder is revolving, anadjustable by-pass plate seated against the outer face of the pumpcylinder, said by-pass plate having a small opening which communicateswith the 'space between the end of the piston and the end of thecylinder in which said piston reciprocates, during a portion of thedischarge stroke, aspring arranged to press the by-pass plate againstthe outer face of the pump cylinder, a shaft projecting through the pumphousing adapted to engage the by-pass plate so that said by-pass platemay be manually adjusted so as to change the ratio of the oil deliveredto the burner as to the oil by-passed, an indicator attached to theshaft so that when said shaft is adjusted the quantity ofv oil beingdelivered to the burner will be known.

4. A pump having a cylinder, a piston in the cylinder, means forrevolving the cylinder, means for reciprocating the piston in thecylinder, means for communicating the cylinder with an intake line,means for communicating theV cylinder with a delivery line, a port insaid cylinder,

a flat member normally stationary independentA 'of said communicatingmeans and having an elongated recess adapted to register with said portduring a predetermined partv of each delivery stroke to by-pass fluidduring such part ofeach delivery stroke, and means for adjusting saidmember whereby the magnitude of such part may be varied at will.

5. A pump having a cylinder, a piston in the cylinder, means forrevolving the cylinder, means for reciprocating the piston in thecylinder incident to said revolving, means for communicating thecylinder with an intake line, means for communicating the cylinder witha delivery line. a

port in said cylinder, anda flat member normally stationary independentof said communicating means and Vhaving an elongated recess adapted toregister with said port during a single predetermined integral part ofeach delivery stroke to by-pass fluid during such part of each deliverystroke.

6. A fuel pump having a cylinder adapted to be rotated, a piston in thecylinder, means for reciprocating the piston incident to the rotation ofthe cylinder, a stationary plate against which the cylinder is seated,elongated recesses in the plate connected respectively with a suctionline and a delivery line and communicating alternately with the cylinderupon its rotation, and a spring pressed plate opposite the aforesaidplate andhaving a recess adapted to communicate .with the cylinderduring a predetermined part ef its delivery stroke to by-pass fuelduringsaid part of the delivery stroke.

7. A fuel pump having a cylinder adapted to be rotated, a piston in thecylinder, means for reciprocating the piston incident to the rotation ofthe cylinder, a stationary plate against which the cylinder is seated,elongated recesses in the plate connected respectively with a suctionline and a delivery line and communicating alternately with the cylinderupon its rotation, a spring pressed plate opposite the aforesaid plateand having a recess adapted to communicate with the cylinder during apredetermined part of its delivery stroke to by-pass fuel during saidpart of the delivery stroke, and means for adjusting the positionv ofthe plate whereby the magnitude of said part may be varied vat will.

8. A fuel pump having a cylinder adapted to the cylinder is seated, anelongated recess in the' plate connecting with a delivery line andcommunicating with the cylinder during a part of the delivery stroke,means for communicating the cylinder with a suction line, a springpressed plate opposite the aforesaid plate and having a recess adaptedto communicate with the cylinder during a. predetermined part of itsdelivery 'stroke to by-pass fuel during said part of the deliverystroke, and a relief port adjacent the delivery port arranged andadapted to communicate with the cylinder during a portion of thedelivery stroke.

9. A fuel pump having a cylinder adapted to be rotated, a piston in thecylinder, means for reciprocating the piston incident to the rotation ofthe cylinder, a stationary plate against which the cylinder is seated, adelivery recess and a suction recess connected respectively with adelivery line and a suction line and communicating alternately with thecylinder upon its rotation, a relief port in the plate adjacent saidde-` livery recess arranged and adapted to communicate with the cylinderduring a portion of the delivery stroke, and a spring pressed plateopposite the aforesaid plate and having a recess adapted to communicatewith the cylinderduring a predetermined part of its delivery stroke toby-pass fuel during said part of the delivery stroke.

10. A pump having a housing, a cylinder adapted to rotate in saidhousing, a piston in the cylinder, means for reciprocating the piston inthe cylinder incident to said rotation, said cylinder being seatedagainst a wall of said housing and having a port openingthereto,`reccsses in thewall connected respectively to a suction lineand a. delivery line through said wall and com# of the cylinder, astationary plate against which the cylinder is seated, elongatedrecesses in the plate connected respectively with a suction line and adelivery line and communicating alternately with the cylinder upon itsrotation, a plate normally stationary opposite the aforesaid plate andhaving an elongated recess adapted to communicate with the cylinderduring a portion of aimais its delivery stroke to by-pass fuel duringsaid portion of the delivery stroke, and means foradjusting the positionof the plate whereby the magnitude of said portion may be varied atwill.

12. An oil pump having a cylinder adapted to be rotated, a pistonadapted to be rotated with said cylinder, means for causing the pistonto reciprocate in said cylinder, a pump housing containing aforesaidparts and having an inner Wall to which the inner face of the cylinderis seated, an intake port and a discharge port in said Wall arranged tobe alternately connected to the end of the cylinder when said cylinderis revolved, an adjustable by-pass plate having an elongated portadapted to communicate with the cylinder during an integral portion ofthe discharge stroke, and means for ladjusting the position of saidplate so as to change the magnil tude of said portion.

LEWIS L. SCGTT.

